新世纪大学英语综合教程B4U8课后练习答案
Unit 8
▇Working with Words andExpressions
1 In theboxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete thefollowing sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
■Answers:
1) ensure
2) excluded
3) sustain
4) domestic
5) fundamental
6) transparent
7) elastic
8) inherent
9) input
10) margin
11) reverse
12) potential
13) subsidies
14) restored
15) features
16) urged
2In the boxes below are some of the expressions you havelearned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form wherenecessary.
■Answers:
1) is based on
2) lived up to
3) account for
4) has borne out
5) slow down
6) act on
7) cash in on
8) regardless of
9) on top of
10) at their peril
11) in part…in part
12) in the name of
13) torn down
▆ Increasing Your Word Power
1 Each of the followingsentences has four parts underlined and marked with A, B, C and D. You are toidentify the one that needs correction. Write down the correct usage in thespace provided at the end of each sentence.
▆Answers:
▆Answers:
1) C (are→is)
2) C (scent→smell / odour)
3) B (is told→be told)
4) D (since→while/whereas)
5) C (deciding→decide)
6) A (takes→gives)
7) B (medicine→medical)
8) C (minutes→minutes’)
9) C (as well→as well as)
10) B (have usually→usuallyhave)
11) D (while→when)
12) A (Viewing→Viewed)
13) D (seventh→seven)
14) B (said of→said)
15) C (progresses→progress)
2 Clipping isa process that shortens a polysyllabic (多音节的) word by deleting one or more syllables, suchas “prof” for “professor”, “copter” for “helicopter”, etc. A number of suchabbreviations have been accepted in general usage. Now work in pairs and turn the clipped words into their original forms. Consult a dictionary if necessary.
▆Answers:
Clipped word | Original form | Clipped word | Original form |
fax | facsimile | fridge | refrigerator |
auto | automobile | memo | memorandum |
burger | hamburger | poli-sci | political science |
demo | demonstration | sub | substitute; submarine |
flu | influenza | zoo | zoological garden |
3 Fill in theblanks in Column B with an adjective in this unit. The target adjective must beopposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocationwith the noun in Column C.
▆ Answers:
Column A | Column B | Column C |
1) falling | rising | tide |
2) tragic | comic | opera |
3) disorderly | orderly | mind |
4) momentary | lasting | peace |
5) developing | developed | countries |
6) guilty | innocent | person |
7) particular | universal | rule |
8) general | specific | purpose |
9) limited | endless | patience |
10) concrete | abstract | concept |
The following sentences seemto be grammatically correct, but they are in effect faulty. Discuss in pairswhy they are not acceptable and then improve them.
▇ Answersfor reference:
1)Reason: Wordiness
Improved: Before going to the supermarket, we made alist of the groceries we needed toprepare dinner.
2) Reason:Wordiness
Improved: Alot of research has been done to determine its causes.
3)Reason: Wordiness
Improve: Professor Smith knows a great deal about American history.
4)Reason: Danglingmodifier
Improved: To finish the work on time, they have taken some new and effectivemeasures.
5)Reason: Danglingmodifier
Improved: AfterI graduated from college, my father wanted me to pursue myeducation in theUnited States.
6) Reason:Danglingmodifier
Improved: Having been bitten by a mad dog, the boy was cured by the doctor with a newkind of medicine.
7) Reason:Split infinitive
Improved: Sara hopes tofinish her chemistry homework quicklysothat she can return to the more interesting novel she has been reading.
8)Reason: Random shift of the verb tense
Improved: Professor Smith has worked in the universityfor over twenty years and (has)published many books.
9)Reason: Not parallel
Improved: He told us to look at the picture and to tell him what we found.
10)Reason: Not parallel
Improved: She was a woman of mean understanding,little information, and uncertaintemper.
11)Reason: Dangling modifier
Improved: To get ready for the trip, I put all thethings I needed into a suitcase the previous night.
12)Reason: Not parallel
Improved: Dictionaries can be used for these purposes:to find word meanings, pronunciations, correct spellings, and irregular verbs.
▇Complete the following passage with wordschosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.
▇Answers:
(1) manifestation
(2) lies
(3) promoting
(4) minds
(5) recognize
(6) benefit
(7) economic
(8) denied
(9) excluded
(10) prosperity
(11) imperative
(12) assistance
(13) fostering
(14) triumph
(15) separate
1 Translatethe following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in brackets.
■Answers for Reference:
1) Thosepeople yearn for the days in the past because they don’t think they can benefitfrom the current policies.
2)Terrorists will make no distinction between races, nations or regions when theycarry out acts of terror.
3) The invention of paper was one of the great contributions Ancient China made to human civilization, and we should take pride in it.
4) The teacher suggested thatthe students analyze these problems in a different light so as to find asolution as soon as possible.
5) Inrecent years, some developed countries have been robbing developingcountries of their natural resources in the name of globalization.
6) LegalEnglish is a special register of English. Its distinctive features distinguishit from literary language and other practical styles.
7) Thecompany cashed in on its rival’s difficulties by doubling its investment inthis area.
8) Whenhe wrote The Declaration of Independence,Thomas Jefferson was firm in the belief that all men were created equal.
9) He hasserved the public whole-heartedly for many years, regardless of his personalgain or loss.
10)Experts have long been concerned about the implications of population growthfor economic development of the world.
2 Translate the following passage intoEnglish.
■Answers for Reference:
It is commonly understood thatglobalization has been driven by liberalization policies and technologicaladvances. Its role is to increase the flow of goods, service, capital,technology, information, ideas and labour at the global level. In fact,globalization is a double-edged sword. It has both advantages anddisadvantages. Some people really benefit from globalization while otherssimply see it as one more manifestation of the inequity of the world. Toaddress the division between these two groups of people, Annan suggested a solution,i.e., to pursue an inclusive globalization. He believed that dialogue cantriumph over discord, and that opening markets and promoting cooperation canensure that globalization benefits the whole of humanity economically,politically and socially.
▇Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic“My View on Globalization”. Your writing should cover the following points:
1) the advantages of globalization
2) the disadvantages of globalization
3) your view on globalization
▇Sampleessay:
My View onGlobalization
Globalization has brought us immensebenefits. It helps realize our dream of a prosperous world. It boosts the worldeconomy by opening global markets, smoothing the flow of capital andcommodities, and increasing productivity and employment opportunities. Inaddition, the concerted efforts globalization motivates in areas like fightingagainst terrorism, environmental protection, health, and education have alsocontributed to the wellbeing of humanity.
However, there are always voices against globalization. Some people accuse multinational corporations of providingunfair and unsafe working conditions, using cheap labour, exploiting naturalresources and causing ecological damage. They also criticise globalization fornot only modernizing but also westernizing native cultures. They also arguethat globalization leads to the spread of epidemics and diseases.
In short, globalization is a double-edgedsword and we must handle it with care. We must set up rules and regulations aswell as sound supervising systems. If it is well handled, globalization willsurely serve humanity.
(155 words)
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